Read the following article about how the Swiss deal with the negative spillover costs associated with garbage. Answer the three questions at the end of the article. Be original do not copy previous posts.
Saturday, February 19, 2011
Its all about the Incentives
Read the following article about how the Swiss deal with the negative spillover costs associated with garbage. Answer the three questions at the end of the article. Be original do not copy previous posts.
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1). This particular question can have many answers. The benefit that the government wanted was to reduce trash, but they also got the mentality from the citizens that more trash is bad.
2). The most common thing for anyone to use for any problem is money. Government officials would use money to bribe, people would use money to get out of trouble, and parents would use money to help their children to do better in school.
3). The primary thing that governments use to discourage bad things are laws which can have random effects. By prohibiting an act, they can better control the situation. The one thing that the market uses to encourage would be something that would benefit the consumer such as discounts. By reducing the price of an already high price, the market encourages spending.
1.) The government's system allows for reduction of trash in the environment by forcing individual households to pay for their own mess and take care of the environment if they want to save money.
2.) When I was in first or second grade I'd always want to stay up late like my brothers so if I got all my homework done correctly as soon as I got home from school they'd extend my bedtime.
3.) Speeding tickets discourage reckless driving and some neighborhoods give certain homes rewards for having nice yards which helps to keep the neighborhood looking nice because people want the reward of a recognition yard sign and a check.
1) It increases the cost of throwing away your trash so that people will do their best not to have a whole lot.
2) For me, my parents used to have to give me incentives to make good grades, so they would give me a monthly allowance for doing good in school
3)The government puts large taxes on tobacco products because they want to make it expensive for people so that they will not buy it as much. With the rising prices of gas and concern for greenhouse gas emissions, the government allows drivers who car pull to drive in the HOV lane to skip over bad traffic and get to their destination in a more timely manner
1.The government internalizes the need to conserve and produce less trash by making it more expensive to destroy the trash.
2.My mother would always encourage me to make my bed and clean my room so that I could go out with my friends. The incentive was friends.
3.By creating prisons and consequences for certain behaviors and actions, governments discourage certain behaviors. Recently, the Texas government has tried to help the environment by offering to pay people to get older cars with certain polluting engines off the road. The incentive for money has benefited the environment.
1) The main purpose was to reduce trash and to keep the envoirnment clean.
2)For me, my parents gave me money for helping them by doing some chores.
3)For discourage behaviors, the government has made is the laws. For encourage behaviors, the government has restore forests that prevents and reduce the threat of wildfires.
1) The main purpose was to reduce trash and to keep the envoirnment clean.
2)For me, my parents gave me money for helping them by doing some chores.
3)For discourage behaviors, the government has made is the laws. For encourage behaviors, the government has restored forest which prevents from wildfires.
1.) The Swiss government forces it's citizens to spend a ton of money to throw away trash, which encourages individuals in Switzerland to dispose less garbage.
2.) One incentive that I always get from my parents is money for cleaning the house and whatnot.
3.) Well, in Hungary I think they might put you in uhhh prison or something if you kill someone. I think they do that in other countries, too.
This next example might be a bit stupid, but when someone votes for a presidential election, he/she gets a pin or sticker thing that says, "I voted!" - which is sort of an incentive I guess :/ I mean who wouldn't want that, you know?
1)Instead of putting the spillover costs of garbage disposal on the environment and other citizens (land fills and other waste disposal techniques come at a cost to the living quality of a people), the economic burden gets placed upon the individual that creates the waste by means of higher priced retrieval of the waste.
2) My parents allow me privileges (ie: a regular allowance) for good grades in school.
3) The United states grants subsidies to companies with good worker health plans and retirement aid. The British Government grants higher funding to schools that demonstrate higher test scores.
1)Instead of putting the spillover costs of garbage disposal on the environment and other citizens (land fills and other waste disposal techniques come at a cost to the living quality of a people), the economic burden gets placed upon the individual that creates the waste by means of higher priced retrieval of the waste.
2) My parents allow me privileges (ie: a regular allowance) for good grades in school.
3) The United states grants subsidies to companies with good worker health plans and retirement aid. The British Government grants higher funding to schools that demonstrate higher test scores.
1.By paying what the cost can make them realize how much trash they actually produced.It can save money for the household and the government to build landfill and factories to recycle the trash. Not to mention it can also make a better environment for the citizens
2.My parents uses money as an incentive to make me do my homework.I have to finish my homework with correct answers and neat handwriting.They will check it and if they are happy with what I have they will pay me so I can get money to hang out with my friends.
3. In Singapore, the people have to pay a fine when they stick their gum anywhere or spit gum on the floor.
A way to encourage people to buy more would be the tax free day/week where they encourage people to buy more goods because they seems cheaper.
1) Well, what Zurish is trying to tell is that there is a better way to reduce garbage that each household make each day.
2) even now, if i have good grades and i do what my parents want me to do, i could pretty much do anything and get anything
3) what society right now neel less of are newer technologies. they are a waste, because what are we going to do with our current technologies. what the society needs more is increase rpoduction of the food supply that is going on right now. experts say that this year we will reach 7 billion people. as more people are beingborn into this world, people are getting much more richer and their food styles are improving. if we don't find a way to increae the food supply to match the population, we are going to suffer. increased taxes if what the government do so people would not purchase or use that particular service. the government encourages education for it gives out scholarships to kids who actually study.
1. Zurich's system forces the citizens as individuals to pay for their own spillover costs and garbage instead of making the country as a whole pay for the individual's waste.
2. An example of the effectiveness of incentives is my parents offering me freedom and less nagging for doing well in school. I make all A's and B's, I get a social life and wont be home to bug them. We all win.
3. An example of a larger scale use of incentives with the government is the stock market. Take that weird kid who tried to "force" people to buy stocks to increase the price before selling. The government discourages this behavior with threats of jail time and loss of fortune. On the other hand, the government encourages good behavior with incentives like tax breaks and potential to increase one's fortune without interference.
1. It prevents citizens from using other's money to get ride of waste by making every individually pay for the amount of their waste.
2. On my report card, if I have all A's and B's, then my parents pay for gas. If I have anything other than an A or B, then I have to pay for my gas. So they use the incentive of the price of gas to keep my grades up.
3. Both examples come from the U.S. market. The government discourages not paying off debts by putting interest on these debts, so the amount of the debt increases. They incourage not having debts by most stores providing discounts if a customer pays in full in cash at the exact moment they buy the good or service.
1. Zurich’s system of garbage coerces its citizens into being responsible for their own trash. Instead of putting the burden on society as a whole and making it pay the cost of collecting trash, Zurich makes its citizens more accountable for the amount of trash they produce and money that is wasted on trash.
2. I usually get paid by my mom for doing the random household chores that no one else has the time to do.
3. Most electric companies bill their clients based on the amount of electricity used. The more electricity used, the higher the bill, so people are encouraged to use less in order to pay less. At Elkins, the administrators offer incentives to the grade level that scores the highest on TAKS. Elkins is encouraging higher TAKS scores through competition and an overall prize.
1) By making the cost of trash removal so much higher, the Swiss government makes the external costs of trash (the environment) internal by creating a recycle for free versus trash at high cost choice.
2) My dad wanted me to get in shape a little more, so he offered to raise my allowance $1 for every pound i dropped.
3) Any variety of tickets for violations of the law discourage law breaking, and discounts encourage customers to buy certain goods.
1) The government is able to reduce the amount of waste that is created by figuring in a cost and a price for the amount of trash that is disposed for pick up. By doing this they are forcing individuals to be environmentally "friendly."
2) My parents always tell me that "responsibility equals privileges" so therefore, if I am responsible they would take care of all my needs and most of my wants. (i.e. Having my own car, laptop, and the gift of their trust to live my life and have fun with my friends.)
3) The camera's on stop lights discourage the temptation to run deserted lights when the coast is clear. With a fine attached and undeniable proof at instant access it makes running the light not worth it. On the other hand, incentives are used to encourage individuals as well. Just as in the insurance company Allstate. Drivers are rewarded with a reduction in their insurance cost if they drive "safe" which constitutes no accidents or claims. This gives drivers a personal reward but overall helps the majority of drivers on the road.
1. The Swiss government charges their citizens for the garbage they leave out.
2. One summer, my mom threatened my siblings and I with the mini-series ROOTS. If we didn't do everything we were supposed to, we'd have to sit down and watch the whole thing. As kids, we didn't realize how long the series was and didn't do our chores. Nearly ten hours later, we knew our mom didn't play games like that. Haha.
3. In college, you get put on academic probation if you mess around. This discourages foolishness and encourages good study habits. Also, colleges also award good students with a spot on the Dean's List.
1)In the US, the idea behind trash is that all trash is bad and that plastic is recyclable. Although this holds truth, practically anywhere you go, Switzerland's system internalizes the externalities of household consumption by forcing the people to regulate their waste and promote recycling by charging higher prices for waste removal.
2)For me, one of the biggest factors my parents control over me is use of my car. By threatening their liberalness behind allowing me to use my car, I become inclined (euphemism alert) to follow what they want me to do.
3)If an entire country, one day, woke up and decided they no longer wanted to destroy the earth by polluting it with their vehicular emissions, a government may announce a new tax on vehicles which do not reach a total of 25 MPG combined city/highway driving. This inclines people to buy SmartCars and Civics and promotes a cleaner environment. A market may also attempt to achieve the same end result by encouraging behaviors. If the same country woke up that day and decided that, instead of taxing vehicles that do not reach over 25 MPG combined, that all vehicles that get over 25 MPG now come with a free, non-tax deductible $5,000, hard cash, bonus. Time to enjoy my new Prius.
1) Zurich's system of garbage internalizes the externality by requiring them to pay a significant amount for all their garbage, which causes them to be more "garbage conscious," creating a better environment.
2)If I do what I'm expected to do by my parents, such as doing well in school, then I'm given the freedom of getting pretty much anything I ask for.
3)In the US, and probably in other countries as well, the government imposes fines on people who litter, discouraging the bad act. Also, the government grants deductions on tax returns if a person has made a donation to a charitable fund, encouraging people to make more donations.
1.) the people Zurich are pressed to watch their trash disposal because ultimately they will pay for it
2.) my parents used to offer and actually still do offer incentives of cash in order to ensure that i would do my chores every week. it definitely works for the benefit of both parties
3.) the government uses punishment to discourage people from participating in detrimental behavior, like prison sentences for murder. on the other hand, however, in certain states, there is the offer of a cash refund in exchange for bringing in used cans and bottles to encourage recycling
Nicole McLellan P.7
1. By the government increasing the price to throw away your trash, it forces the homeowners to produce as little trash as they possibly can.
2. When I was younger, if I kept my room clean and made sure my laundry was in the basket, they would give me money at the end of every week.
3. There is a new law on texting and driving in order to prevent the uprising car crash rate while on the cell phone. The state allows tax free weekend, allowing the payers to not pay sales tax, but still increasing sales within the state.
1. Their system of garbage disposal forces the citizens to take responsibility for whatever trash they produce. The more trashed created the more that the citizen must pay so naturally the citizen will reduce its waste and decided to recycle.
2. When I was younger, my parents would let me play outside for a very long time if I did all my homework properly and helped around the house.
3. The government creates laws in order to stop people from participating in dangerous behaviors. An incentive that the government uses is giving monetary rewards to people who provide helpful tips in criminal cases.
1) The amount of trash dumped out to the environment is reduced when people have to pay for the trash they make and this makes them want to reduce their trash output into the environment and fall back on methods such as recycling.
2) My parents would always tell me to spread my bed right after i woke up, but i never did until they said I get a stuffed animal and the end of the month if I spread my bed daily.
3) In the school zone there is a huge fine placed on violators if they use their cell phone or go over the speed limit during the school zone hours; by implementing this law the governments are discouraging violators and encouraging more safety for children coming out of school. The expensive fines are beneficial to the government when they know they can easily catch violators of traffic laws.
1. Zurich's system internalizes the costs by forcing the people that produce the waste to pay for the cost of properly disposing of it.
2. My parents often would promise to buy me some game or something I want in exchange for good grades of my progress reports. It worked.
3. The Cash for Clunkers program was used to encourage people to switch from driving cars with low gas mileage. Governments send people to jail for breaking laws, discouraging people from breaking the law.
1. By raising the cost garbage disposal, individuals are forced to take the initiative and find better means and ways of resourcefully reducing their own trash.
2. As far as incentives go, as long as I “take care of business” then I have the freedom to do whatever I choose (e.g. money, basic needs, car, etc.).
3. Nowadays, with our economy being the way it is, it is harder for people to find well-paying jobs with a minimal college degree. More people are staying in school longer or going back to finish their schooling in hopes of obtaining a higher degree. In a way, our society is encouraging individuals to reach their fullest potentials in order to achieve their highest goals.
1.) Zurich's system of garbage collection internalizes the household consumption of garbage producing by increasing the amount needed to purchase a garbage bag. This ultimately is a dagger to the people of Switzerland. For their own incentives, they will reduce the amount of garbage they produce to save the money they might have to spend on garbage bags. This affects their mental disposition to externally have lots of trash.
2.) A major incentive that lead me to want to finally doing the deed of trimming/cutting the grass and bushes was money. The bribery with money is always a trick my parent's use in getting me to do their environmental and social problems. Unfortunately, they usually never give me the incentive.
3.) In our national government, most of the time they are random in their effects. Although our government system uses incentives as in cash rewards and winning prizes with encouraging citizens to stop polluting and spreading greenhouse emissions, they also discourage our nation with incentives like laws or the speeding limit; which ultimately causes drivers to drive slower. Though, it is a safety issue, many people are discouraged with the law assigned for the speed at which you drive. Also, they discourage citizens and Americans with taxes and increased expenses they put on cigarettes.
1. The Swiss control the externality of garbage consumption by creating an incentive for Swiss households to not create garbage. You have the option of either not creating trash and pay nothing, or creating trash and pay accordingly. As a result, people, who naturally like money, will be encouraged to make as less trash as possible.
2. When I was younger, I was allowed free time only after I finished my homework, but I would have free time until bed time; this incentive encouraged me to finish up my homework right after I got home from school so that I'll have more free time later.
3. Mississippi, California, and other Mid West states started creating VIP parking spots in busy places such as the mall for low-emission, environment friendly cars, thus encouraging people to be more green. On the other hand, the Australian government implemented a carbon emission tax going into effect next year to discourage heavy emissions.
1. The government achieves the goal if trying to reduce the trash output in their country. By having the incentive, the people have less trash, so it is succesful.
2. My parents give me certain privelages if my grades are good. If they aren't sufficient, then I start getting certain things taken away, like my car.
3. Governmentts have a specific set of laws and rules that citixens must follow in order to promote good behavior in the specific place. Also, if you keep your reciepts for certain products, you get money back at the end of the year. Social Security would be another example of a government incentive.
1. The government achieves the goal if trying to reduce the trash output in their country. By having the incentive, the people have less trash, so it is succesful.
2. My parents give me certain privelages if my grades are good. If they aren't sufficient, then I start getting certain things taken away, like my car.
3. Governmentts have a specific set of laws and rules that citixens must follow in order to promote good behavior in the specific place. Also, if you keep your reciepts for certain products, you get money back at the end of the year. Social Security would be another example of a government incentive.
1. The cost added for the disposal of trash will cut down on the amount that the people are using. And therefore, help the environment as well as themselves. The government wanted people to see how much trash was produced and at the same time lower the amount.
2. My mom would promise to buy me something I wanted of I did all my chores and made good grades in school.
3. The are laws that have fines for committing then in all types of governments. This fine discourages the breaking of that law. Whereas governments offer money for schools for there higher test scores and improvement over all. Therefore they want to go better in order to receive more money.
1. Increases cost of disposing of trash, so there is incentive to reduce waste.
2. My parents use the incentive of money to get me to stay in school. They paid me based on my attendence.
3. The US governement discourages unlawful activity with punishments such as prison and death. To encourage good bahavior, the government rewards people with tax deductions and other incentives.
1) By spending more on items reduce the amount of trash.
2) Whenever my parents wants me to do, particularly a chore, it has to be the way they want it to be. If I do it correctly they will give me extra money so that I can hang out with my friends.
3) Speeding discourage drivers, and also by creating prisons/jail for the people who goes against the law.
1. The Swiss government reduces garbage by making it a luxury, basically you have to be rich to have lots of trash.
2.By telling me that if I don't do my homework I will not be able to hang out with my buddies after school.
3.High taxes on smoking discourages the use of cigarettes. The several laws and acts regarding school encourages people to get an education.
1. The government of Switzerland takes an active role in assuring that its citizens do not take advantage of the garbage collection system and that they understand that there has to be a cost associated with garbage collection and they then take their own active roles in recycling, etc.
2. My parents do not allow me to go out if I do not have my room clean, or sometimes if I have quite a bit of homework the incentive is to have it done before leaving.
3. In Houston, residents are required to bag their yard garbage in environmentally friendly bags provided by the city. They will not pick it up if they see any yard garbage not in the appropriate bags. Incentives include the payment for recycled cans turned into certain cities.
1. Many benfits came as a result from the government wanting to reduce the amount of trash but the attributing benefit would come from the citizens who were able to recognize that accumalating trash was a bad thing.
2. The most common use in any problem would be blame. Who would all the accusations and fault fall on. It is why we have gonvernment today.
3. Consequences such as tickets and time in jail prevent people from doing things they should not be doing. An incentive would be not recieving such consequences, bettering the surroundings
1) The government basically is forcing the citizens to take responsibility for something that they didn't have to worry about before. Now the citizens must pay the price if they choose to cut down on their trash disposal.
2) My parents have always paid me if I get certain grades on my report cards.
3) Discouraging incentives include speeding tickets, laws and fines.
Encouraging incentives include sales and tax refunds.
1.) You can hurt people the most by taking their money. By forcing the cost of the garbage back on the producers Switzerland is able to trick people into being smarter about their trash. This only works if it is strictly enforced and that is easy in tiny Switzerland but America is to big to have similar laws.
2.) My parents used a different set of incentives for behavior. I was expected to do the right thing. Doing the right thing for a reward kind of defeats the purpose. Avoidance of punishment is a great motivator and if i did something wrong i had privileges taken away. I did not need a reward, consequences are bad enough but the knowledge that i had let my parents down was the greatest punishment.
3.)Credit scores are one way of the government helps control behavior. The credit score may come from a "private company" but the government has a had in the process. The government want to have you pay your debt and even complicates the process to get out of debt to keep people from cheating the system. but if you pay your debts then the government encourages loans to help you.
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